1 Chronicles 12
12.18 "Then the Spirit came upon Amasai..." Why did He and what makes this significant enough to make note of?
12.20 "those of Manasseh who defected..." There main interest seems to be uniting to defend against raiders.
12.24 Judah: armed for war
12.25 Simeon: men of valor fit for war
12.26 Levi
12.29 Benjamin: relatives of Saul
12.30 Ephraim: mighty men of valor, famous men
12.31 half tribe of Manassah: who were designated by name
12.32 Issachar: understanding of the times to know what Israel should do
12.33 Zebulun: expert in war with all weapons of war, stouthearted men who could keep ranks
12.24 Naphtali: with shield and spear
12.35 Danites: who could keep battle formation
12.36 Asher: those who could go out to war, who could keep battle formation
12.37 Reubenites and Gadites, and half-tribe of Manasseh: aremed for battle with every weapon of war
There is some discrepancy between translations on how to translate "could keep battle formation." I find the idea of being able to maintain formation in the heat of battle to be a great character quality that does inspire me when I am discouraged or "under fire."
The NASB, JKV/NKJV follow this wording while RSV/ ESV and the newer tend to go with single "purpose" or "loyalty." This would typically be a result of a vague Hebrew word and a judgement call. The The Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament has these comments.
1 Chronicles 12:33-38
מלחמה ערכי, preparing war with all manner of warlike weapons, i.e., practice in the use of all kinds of weapons for war; cf. 1 Chronicles 12:8. The infinitive לעדר is substantially a continuation of the preceding participles, but grammatically is dependent on בּאוּ understood (cf. 1 Chronicles 12:23, 1 Chronicles 12:38). Cf. as to this free use of the infinitive with ל, Ew. §351, c. The signification of the verb עדר, which occurs only here (1 Chronicles 12:33, 1 Chronicles 12:38), is doubtful. According to the lxx and the Vulg. ( βοηθῆσαι , venerunt in auxilium), and nine MSS, which read לעזר, we would be inclined to take עדר for the Aramaic form of the Hebrew עזר (cf. Arabic (‛dr)), to help; but that meaning does not suit מערכה עדר, 1 Chronicles 12:38. Its connection there demands that עדר should signify “to close up together,” to set in order the battle array; and so here, closing up together with not double heart, i.e., with whole or stedfast heart (שׁלם בּלבב שׁלם, 1 Chronicles 12:38), animo integro et firmo atque concordi; cf. Psalm 12:3 (Mich.). - In 1 Chronicles 12:38 we have a comprehensive statement; כּל־אלּה, which refers to all the bodies of men enumerated in 1 Chronicles 12:24-37. שׁרית is שׁארית defectively written; and as it occurs only here, it may be perhaps a mere orthographical error. The whole of the remainder of Israel who did not go to Hebron were אחד לב אחד er, of one, i.e., of united heart (2 Chronicles 30:12): they had a unanimous wish to make David king.
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12.18 "Then the Spirit came upon Amasai..." Why did He and what makes this significant enough to make note of?
12.20 "those of Manasseh who defected..." There main interest seems to be uniting to defend against raiders.
12.24 Judah: armed for war
12.25 Simeon: men of valor fit for war
12.26 Levi
12.29 Benjamin: relatives of Saul
12.30 Ephraim: mighty men of valor, famous men
12.31 half tribe of Manassah: who were designated by name
12.32 Issachar: understanding of the times to know what Israel should do
12.33 Zebulun: expert in war with all weapons of war, stouthearted men who could keep ranks
12.24 Naphtali: with shield and spear
12.35 Danites: who could keep battle formation
12.36 Asher: those who could go out to war, who could keep battle formation
12.37 Reubenites and Gadites, and half-tribe of Manasseh: aremed for battle with every weapon of war
There is some discrepancy between translations on how to translate "could keep battle formation." I find the idea of being able to maintain formation in the heat of battle to be a great character quality that does inspire me when I am discouraged or "under fire."
The NASB, JKV/NKJV follow this wording while RSV/ ESV and the newer tend to go with single "purpose" or "loyalty." This would typically be a result of a vague Hebrew word and a judgement call. The The Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament has these comments.
1 Chronicles 12:33-38
מלחמה ערכי, preparing war with all manner of warlike weapons, i.e., practice in the use of all kinds of weapons for war; cf. 1 Chronicles 12:8. The infinitive לעדר is substantially a continuation of the preceding participles, but grammatically is dependent on בּאוּ understood (cf. 1 Chronicles 12:23, 1 Chronicles 12:38). Cf. as to this free use of the infinitive with ל, Ew. §351, c. The signification of the verb עדר, which occurs only here (1 Chronicles 12:33, 1 Chronicles 12:38), is doubtful. According to the lxx and the Vulg. ( βοηθῆσαι , venerunt in auxilium), and nine MSS, which read לעזר, we would be inclined to take עדר for the Aramaic form of the Hebrew עזר (cf. Arabic (‛dr)), to help; but that meaning does not suit מערכה עדר, 1 Chronicles 12:38. Its connection there demands that עדר should signify “to close up together,” to set in order the battle array; and so here, closing up together with not double heart, i.e., with whole or stedfast heart (שׁלם בּלבב שׁלם, 1 Chronicles 12:38), animo integro et firmo atque concordi; cf. Psalm 12:3 (Mich.). - In 1 Chronicles 12:38 we have a comprehensive statement; כּל־אלּה, which refers to all the bodies of men enumerated in 1 Chronicles 12:24-37. שׁרית is שׁארית defectively written; and as it occurs only here, it may be perhaps a mere orthographical error. The whole of the remainder of Israel who did not go to Hebron were אחד לב אחד er, of one, i.e., of united heart (2 Chronicles 30:12): they had a unanimous wish to make David king.
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