Sunday, March 18, 2012

Covenanting Together 120318AM@TulsaBibleChurch


Introduction
Tulsa—The location of our facility and central to the people who attend
Bible—Reflects our commitment to hearing God speak through the Bible, His written Word.  Are you spending time in His Word?
Church—The kind of building and cultural institution of religious people gathered for religious purposes here.
The name for a group of redeemed people who have covenanted to worship and serve God together, etc.  Which church are you part of?

The covenant of the church is as follows:
We, the Members of this Church, do affectionately welcome you into the fellowship with us in the blessings of the Gospel, and covenant together, God helping us…

Covenant:  an agreement, usually formal, between two or more persons to do or not do something specified.   --Dictionary.com Unabridged. Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2010.

Our commitment to each other to be…
1. Strangers - that as strangers and pilgrims we will refrain from fleshly lusts (I Peter 2: 11).
2. Forgivers - That we will put away from us all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and evil speaking and be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven us (Eph. 4:31-32).
3. Do Gooders - That as we have opportunity, we will do good unto all men, especially unto them who are of the household of faith (Gal. 6: 10).
4. Followers - That we will remember them who have the rule over us who speak unto us the Word of God (Heb. 13:7). That we submit to the loving oversight and discipline of the Members and officers of this Church of Christ, and
5. Givers - that we will give as God has prospered us (I Cor. 16:2), not grudgingly, or of necessity, for God loveth a cheerful giver (II Cor. 9:7).

 
1. That as strangers and pilgrims we will refrain from fleshly lusts (I Peter 2: 11).

I.  Strangers who have a heavenly home. 
1 Peter 2.9-12 (esp. 11)
9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light. 10 Once you were not a people, but now you are God's people; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
11 Beloved, I beg you as sojourners and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul, 12 having your conduct honorable among the Gentiles, that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may, by your good works which they observe, glorify God in the day of visitation.

A. Context:
1) Before
We are a race, priesthood, nation, and God’s people. Why?
2. 9 to proclaim His excellencies
2. 10 (because) you are God’s people
2. 10 (because) you have received mercy
2) After
Description of the lives of those who are subject to God’s rule.
2.13 Be subject to every human institution...
2.18 Servants, be subject...
3.1 Wives, be subject…

B. Key Ideas:  
1.  strangers and pilgrims
Strangers  πάροικος   Strong's G3941 - paroikos—in the NT, a stranger, a foreigner, one who lives in a place without the right of citizenship
ylt, kjv—strangers; nasb, niv, wet—aliens; nkjv, esv—sojourners
Pilgrims  παρεπίδημος  Strong's G3927 - parepidēmos -  one who comes from a foreign country into a city or land to reside there by the side of the natives
ylt—sojourners; kjv, nkjv—pilgrims; nasb, niv—strangers; esv—exiles; nlt—foreigners
Hebrews 11
13 These [Abraham, Isaac, Jacob] all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off were assured of them, embraced them and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. 14 For those who say such things declare plainly that they seek a homeland. 15 And truly if they had called to mind that country from which they had come out, they would have had opportunity to return. 16 But now they desire a better, that is, a heavenly country. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for He has prepared a city for them.

2.  fleshly lusts  (Gal. 5.18-21; Titus 3.3; 1 Pet. 4.3;
abstain  ἀπέχομαι  Strong's G567 - apechomai  - 1) to hold one's self off, refrain, abstain
ylt, kjv, nasb, nkjv, esv, niv—abstain; wet—holding yourselves back; ylt—keep away from
 fleshly lusts  (desires of the old man)
ylt,niv, ylt—desires; kjv, nasb, nkjv—lusts;  esv—passions; wet—cravings
Note the contrast with honorable.
Honorable  καλός  Strong's G2570 - kalos   denotes that which is intrinsically "good," and so, "goodly, fair, beautiful;  ethically good, right, noble, honorable, e.g., Gal 4:18; 1Ti 5:10, 25; 6:18; Tts 2:7, 14; 3:8, 14.
ylt—right; kjv—honest; nasb—excellent; nkjv, esv—hornrable;  niv84, net—good;  nlt—live properly;
wet—beautiful in its goodness

3. war   4754 στρατεύομαι [strateuomai /strat·yoo·om·ahee/] — 1) to make a military expedition, to lead soldiers to war or to battle, (spoken of a commander)  2) to do military duty, be a soldier 3) to fight

C. Motivations:
1. Honorable conduct so that the gentiles will glorify God. (see verse 9—to proclaim)
2. The fleshly desires fight against the new man.  Put them off.
We, as God’s race, priesthood, nation, and people, are not part of this world’s system and should not participate in its games or “buy its wares.”

APPLICATION:
Since Christians are citizens of heaven,
they should put off the former life
and embrace the values and life of the new man.

Pilgrims Progress—Vanity Fair
The Prince of princes himself, when here, went through this town to his own country, and that upon a fair day too; and as I think, it was BEELZEBUB, the chief lord of this fair, that invited him to buy of his vanities; yea, would have made him lord of the fair, would he but have done him reverence as he went through the town. Yea, because he was such a person of honour, BEELZEBUB had him from street to street, and showed him all the kingdoms of the world in a little time, that he might, if possible, allure that Blessed One to cheapen and buy some of his vanities. But he had no mind to the merchandise; and therefore left the town without laying out so much as one farthing upon these vanities.
"Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them;" Matthew 4:8
"And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time. And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it. If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine." Luke 4:5-7
This fair, therefore, is an ancient thing, of long standing, and a very great fair.
Now these pilgrims, as I said, must needs go through this fair: well, so they did; but behold, even as they entered into the fair, all the people in the fair were moved, and the town itself as it were in a hubbub about them; and that for several reasons. For –
First, the pilgrims were clothed with such kind of raiment as was diverse from the raiment of any that traded in that fair. The people, therefore, of the fair made a great gazing upon them: some said they were fools; some they were lunatics; and some they are outlandish men.
Secondly: and as they wondered at their apparel, so they did likewise at their speech; for few could understand what they said. They naturally spoke the language of Canaan; but they that kept the fair were the men of this world: so that from one end of the fair to the other, they seemed barbarians each to the other.
"But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God ordained before the world unto our glory: Which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory." 1 Corinthians 2:7, 8
Thirdly: but that which did not a little amuse the merchandisers was, that these pilgrims set very light by all their wares – they cared not so much as to look upon them; and if they called upon them to buy, they would put their fingers in their ears, and cry, "Turn away mine eyes from beholding vanity;"1 and look upwards, signifying that their trade and traffic was in heaven.

2) Forgivers
2. That we will put away from us all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and evil speaking and be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven us (Eph. 4:31-32).

II. Forgivers who have a tender heart.
&   Ephesians 4.17-24; 31-32
17 This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk as the rest of the Gentiles walk, in the futility of their mind, 18 having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart; 19 who, being past feeling, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness with greediness.
20 But you have not so learned Christ, 21 if indeed you have heard Him and have been taught by Him, as the truth is in Jesus: 22 that you put off, concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts, 23 and be renewed in the spirit of your mind, 24 and that you put on the new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.
30 And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice. 32 And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, just as God in Christ forgave you.
5. 1 Therefore be imitators of God as dear children. 2 And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling aroma.

A. Context:
1) Before
not walking as the Gentiles walk
you have heard...been taught by Him
put on the new man
grieve not the Spirit who seals
2) After
walk in love like Christ

B. Key Ideas:
bitterness  πικρία   Strong's G4088 - pikria - (lit.) bitter gall (metaph.) bitterness, bitter hatred.
wrath  2372 θυμός [thumos /thoo·mos/]   outbursts of anger
ylt, kjv, nasb, nkjv, esv—wrath;
niv, ylt—rage;  wet—violent outbreaks of wrath
anger    3709 ὀργή [orge /or·gay/] any "natural impulse, or desire, or disposition," came to signify "anger," as the strongest of all passions.
clamour  2906 κραυγή [krauge /krow·gay/]   
niv, wet—brawling
evil speaking  988 βλασφημία [blasphemia /blas·fay·me·ah/]   blasphemy
ylt, kjv, nkjv—evil speaking;
nasb, esv, niv, wet, nlt—slander
malice  2549 κακία [kakia /kak·ee·ah/]   
——————-
1.  Be kind—χρηστός  Strong's G5543 - chrēstos - useful, pleasant
-When our kids are bickering we tell them to be … nice.
-It is interesting that the Greek word kind looks a lot like the Greek Christ.

2. (adj) tenderhearted—εὔσπλαγχνος  Strong's G2155 - eusplagchnos  (lit.) having strong bowels; (fig.) compassionate, tender hearted  
1 Peter 3.8 having compassion for one another; love as brothers
Strong enough to feel the joys and hurts of others.

3. (v) forgiving—χαρίζομαι   Strong's G5483 - charizomai (root word is grace) - a) to show one's self gracious, kind, benevolent  b) to grant forgiveness, to pardon  

C. Motivations:   
Cling to Christ. (not a moral system or culture)
Act like you have learned about Christ. 
We act this way for Him and to be like Him.

D. Practical Advice
Focus on Christ, not “the storm.” What is Christ’s interest in our conflict?
We force out the old man by intentionally putting on and wearing the new.
Be nice.  Then, have compassionate toward.  Then, don’t hold it against them.

Application:
The change in our attitude will naturally move us
from an inward self-focus  toward an outward look.

3. That as we have opportunity, we will do good unto all men, especially unto them who are of the household of faith (Gal. 6: 10).

III.  Do Gooders who have an outward look.
Galatians 6:8-13 esp.11
8 For he who sows to his flesh will of the flesh reap corruption, but he who sows to the Spirit will of the Spirit reap everlasting life. 9 And let us not grow weary while doing good, for in due season we shall reap if we do not lose heart. 10 Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all, especially to those who are of the household of faith.
12 As many as desire to make a good showing in the flesh, these would compel you to be circumcised, only that they may not suffer persecution for the cross of Christ. 13 For not even those who are circumcised keep the law, but they desire to have you circumcised that they may boast in your flesh.

A. Context:
1) Before
6.2  restoring a fallen brother
6.3 humility
6.8-9 sowing and reaping
2) After
6.12  Contrast with those who “make a good showing in the flesh”

B. Key Ideas:
1. Do good
do 2038 ἐργάζομαι [ergazomai /er·gad·zom·ahee/]  has the same meaning as the English “work”
good  18 ἀγαθός [agathos /ag·ath·os/]  expresses the significance or excellence of a thing or person.

2. to all 
To someone. It is intentional. 
Generous and liberal.  To all kinds of people.

3. especially to the household of faith
-The purpose of doing good is not primarily evangelism.  Evangelism is often a byproduct.
-Our priority is to take care believers first, and then also to everybody else.

C. Motivations:
1. to fulfill the law of Christ  v.2
The legalist is not interested in bearing burdens. Instead, he adds to the burdens of others (Acts 15:10). This was one of the sins of the Pharisees in Jesus’ day: “For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men’s shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers” (Matt. 23:4).     —-Wiersbe, Warren W.: The Bible Exposition Commentary. Wheaton, Ill. : Victor Books, 1996, c1989, S. Ga 6:1
2. to reap in due season
3. since God so loved us, we should…
4. to follow Christ’s example “who went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil,” Peter to Cornelius and others in Acts 10.38

D. Practical Applications:
1. This is more than a random act of kindness on a whim. 
This is intentional, generous, frequent work. 
2. Just as God hates a heart that devises evil, He loves a heart that devises good.
Proverbs 6
16 These six things the Lord hates, …18 A heart that devises wicked plans,

Application:
As we follow Christ doing good, we should follow
the church leaders that He has put into our lives.

4. That we will remember them who have the rule over us who speak unto us the Word of God (Heb. 13:7).
That we submit to the loving oversight and discipline of the Members and officers of this Church of Christ (Heb. 13:17) …

IV. Followers who have a submissive spirit.
Hebrews 13.5-9  esp. v.7
5 Let your conduct be without covetousness; be content with such things as you have. For He Himself has said, "I will never leave you nor forsake you." 6 So we may boldly say: "The Lord is my helper; I will not fear. What can man do to me?" 7 Remember those who rule over you, who have spoken the word of God to you, whose faith follow, considering the outcome of their conduct.
8 Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever. 9 Do not be carried about with various and strange doctrines. For it is good that the heart be established by grace, not with foods which have not profited those who have been occupied with them.

A (1). Context: of verse 7
1) Before
13.5 covetousness condemned “I will never leave you…”
2) After
13.9 warning about following “various and strange doctrines”.

Hebrews 13.16-18 esp. v.17
16 But do not forget to do good and to share, for with such sacrifices God is well pleased. 17 Obey those who rule over you, and be submissive, for they watch out for your souls, as those who must give account. Let them do so with joy and not with grief, for that would be unprofitable for you. 18 Pray for us; for we are confident that we have a good conscience, in all things desiring to live honorably.

A(2). Context: of verse 17
1) Before
13.5 covetousness condemned “I will never leave you…”
2) After
13.9 warning about following “various and strange doctrines”.

B. Key Ideas:
1. Consider
v. 7  !remember 3421 μνημονεύω [mnemoneuo /mnay·mon·yoo·o/]  - signifies "to call to mind, remember;" it is used absolutely in Mark_8:18; everywhere else it has an object —Vine’s
ylt—be mindful; wet—be constantly remembering
v. 7 !consider 333 ἀναθεωρέω, διϊστορέω [anathaoreo /an·ath·eh·o·reh·o/]  - to look at attentively, to consider well, to observe accurately
wet—closely observe; nlt—think of

2. v. 7 follow 3628 μιμέομαι (mimeomai): imitate (mimic)
kjv, nkjv, nlt—follow; ylt, nasb, esv, niv, wet—imitate

3. v. 17 obey 3982 πείθομαι (πείθω [peitho /pi·tho/])  to be a disciple or follower of someone 
—not the same as in Eph. 6.1  “Children”
v. 17 submissive 5226 ὑπείκω [hupeiko /hoop·i·ko/]  (lit.) to resist no longer, but to give way, yield (of combatants)  (metaph.) to yield to authority and admonition, to submit 
—not the same as Eph 5.22 “wives”

C. Motivations:
1. the outcome of their conduct
2. so they will give account with joy


D. Practical Application:
1. Leaders provide us examples.
2. They give direction as the teach and apply God’s Word.
3. They provide encouragement and accountability.

Application: 
As we follow Christ’s under-shepherds in His work,
we should gladly support it with our finances, time, etc.

5. That we will give as God has prospered us (I Cor. 16:2), not grudgingly, or of necessity, for God loveth a cheerful giver (2 Cor. 9:7).

V.  Givers who have a generous joy.
1 Corinthians 16.1-3  (esp. 2)
1 Now concerning the collection for the saints, as I have given orders to the churches of Galatia, so you must do also: 2 On the first day of the week let each one of you lay something aside, storing up as he may prosper, that there be no collections when I come. 3 And when I come, whomever you approve by your letters I will send to bear your gift to Jerusalem.

A1. Context:
1) Before
One of the important ministries Paul had during his third journey was the gathering of a special “relief offering” for the poor believers in Jerusalem.

as he may prosper

2) After
Arrangements for delivery of the gift.
      -collected before he came
      -person to deliver the gift

2 Corinthians 9.7
5 Therefore I thought it necessary to exhort the brethren to go to you ahead of time, and prepare your generous gift beforehand, which you had previously promised, that it may be ready as a matter of generosity and not as a grudging obligation. 6 But this I say: He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully. 7 So let each one give as he purposes in his heart, not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver. 8 And God is able to make all grace abound toward you, that you, always having all sufficiency in all things, may have an abundance for every good work. 9 As it is written: "He has dispersed abroad, He has given to the poor; His righteousness endures forever."   (of  the man who fears God  in Psalm 112.9)

A2. Context:
1) Before
prepare the gift beforehand
generous
generosity
sowing and reaping !bountifully

“Grudgingly” is stingy

2) After
God’s generosity
“dispersed abroad”  “given to the poor”
Psalm 112
1 ...the man who fears the Lord,
9 He has dispersed abroad,
He has given to the poor;
His righteousness endures forever;
His horn will be exalted with honor.

B. Key Ideas:
1. “Giving is an act of worship. Each member was to come to the Lord’s Day gathering prepared to give his share for that week.”
2. “Giving should be systematic.  ...each believer was to set aside his offering at home and then bring it to the assembly on the first day.”
3. “Giving was personal and individual.
—Paul expected each member to share in the offering, the rich and poor alike.”
—Each member purposed in his heart what to give.
4. “Giving is to be proportionate.  As God hath prospered him” (1 Cor. 16:2) suggests that believers who have more should give more.”
Wiersbe, Warren W.: The Bible Exposition Commentary. Wheaton, Ill. : Victor Books, 1996, c1989, S. 1 Co 16:1
5. Giving is to be joyful.  They were not motivated by guilt or a painful obligation, but generous heart that was glad to be able to help.

C. Motivations:
1. The Christian life is about giving not getting.
Ephesians 4.28
Let him who stole steal no longer,
but rather let him labor, working with his hands what is good,
that he may have something to give him who has need.
2. Giving brings joy and increases our connection to the Lord’s work we give to.
D. Practical Application:
When we think like owners, it’s a red flag.  We should think like stewards or investment managers who are preparing for an evaluation.
—Randy Alcorn in The Treasure Principle

VI. REVIEW
1. STRANGERS with
a heavenly home.
Since Christians are citizens of heaven, they should put off the former life and embrace the values and life of the new man.
2. FORGIVERS with
a tender heart.
The change in our attitude will naturally move us from an inward self-focus toward an outward look.
3. DO GOODERS with
an outward look.
As we follow Christ doing good, we should follow the church leaders that He has put into our lives.
4. FOLLOWERS with
a submissive spirit.
As we follow Christ’s under-shepherds in His work, we should gladly support it with our finances, time, etc.
5. GIVERS with
a generous joy.
As Christians, our focus is on giving not getting.

Notice the pattern here of turning from our selfish inward tendency to a charitable and generous upward and outward focus.

Closing Prayer
Consecrate us now to Thy service, Lord,
By the power of grace divine;
Let our souls look up with a steadfast hope,
And our will be lost in Thine.
Amen.

Benediction
20 Now may the God of peace
who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead,
that great Shepherd of the sheep,
through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
21 make you complete in every good work
to do His will,
working in you what is well pleasing in His sight,
through Jesus Christ,
to whom be glory forever and ever.
Amen.

Thursday, March 15, 2012

1 Kings 8-9

1 Kings
8.26  let Your Word come true...  Now that is the essence of a good prayer.
8.30  toward this place...  sounds a bit odd to my New Testament gentile ears.
8.38  when each one knows the plague of his own heart...  Now that one will preach and give pause for reflection.
8.41-43  I would like to hear this one preached at a mission's conference.
8:56  the LORD, who has given peace...  I wonder if we are not sometimes so frazed and incredibly busy that we have completely given up on peace.
8:58  that He may incline our hearts to Himself...  This is probably the most practical part of this long prayer in regards to our personal walk.  It speaks to our lack of motivation and laziness toward God.  The practical ramifications of this holy inclination is to walk in all His ways and keep His ...
נָטָה  Strong's H5186 - natah (Hiphil)
     1) to stretch out
     2) to spread out
     3) to turn, incline, influence, bend down, hold out, extend, thrust aside, thrust away
9.5  establish your throne...  It seems that the establishment of David's throne would have included Solomon's throne too, so this is a little puzzling.  Its something to research sometime.

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Saturday, March 10, 2012

1 Kings

1.13  The drama here is perplexing.  First, it seems patronizing and, secondly, were they concerned that David wouldn't see the significance of what they were telling them.
1.49  So all the guests who were with Adonijah were afraid... You think?  This is where you here the flushing sound as their plans going down the drain.
2.5  Joab...
2.7 Barzillai...
2.8  Shimei...
2.13  Adonijah...
2.16  Abiathar...
2.27  that he might fulfill the Word of the LORD...  Another interesting example of how the Lord works in His time with people that seem to have no clue that they were accomplishing His purposes.
3.1 Solomon wasted no time messing up.
3.3  Solomon loved the LORD...  It is interesting that the record makes that statement right after giving the reason that it would change.
3.7  I do not know how to go out or come in...  I can really relate to this prayer.
3.9  to judge this great people of Yours?    I think the point here is that Solomon was asking, not so much for wisdom for its sake, but for the needed enablement to do the job God had given him, to rule Israel well.
3.11 for yourself...  This reinforces the point that it was about Solomon's desire to serve the LORD instead of his own interests (as least so far).


 


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Wednesday, March 7, 2012

2 Samuel 20-23

2 Samuel
20.2  Israel deserted David...  How does it work that three verses ago they were clamoring to get him back as king?
20.6  a page out of Ahithophel's playbook.
20.8  surely this wasn't a common problem and if Amasa knew Joab and was thinking he wouldn't have been surprised by Joab's next move.
20.23-26
   Joab: Defense Minister
   Benaiah: Secret Service
   Adoram: Finance Minister
   Jehoshaphat: Secretary of State (similar to our states not federal gov.)
   Sheva: Secretary
   Zadak and Abiathar: Priesthood ministers
   Ira: Prime Minister
21.6  hang them before the Lord in Gebeah...  This seems like an odd thing to do "before the LORD" and I wonder why these Amorites would be so concerned with Yahweh?
21.17  I wonder if this final revoking of David's "fighting license" because he had just lost his fighting edge might have been a consideration in his not being with the troops in chapter eleven and being asked to stay behind in chapter eighteen (v.3-4).
22.21-25  I have never understood how David could pray something like this (especially in light of some of his rather spectacular sins).  I certainly couldn't.
--->Looking for a real man's name for your boy?  Check these out.
23.8  Josheb-Basshebeth or Adino
23.9  Eleazar
23.11  Shammah
23.18  Abishai
23.20  Benaiah
23.22  among three... This is more than three any way I count it, which makes K&D's comments helpful.  Some of these numbers seem to be nominal rather than precise.  (See verses 23 and 39)
2 Samuel 23:8-39 
The following list of David's heroes we also find in 1 Chron 11:10-47, and expanded at the end by sixteen names (1Ch_11:41-47), and attached in 1Ch_11:10 to the account of the conquest of the fortress of Zion by the introduction of a special heading. According to this heading, the heroes named assisted David greatly in his kingdom, along with all Israel, to make him king, from which it is evident that the chronicler intended by this heading to justify his appending the list to the account of the election of David as king over all the tribes of Israel (1Ch_11:1), and of the conquest of Zion, which followed immediately afterwards. In every other respect the two lists agree with one another, except that there are a considerable number of errors of the text, more especially in the names, which are frequently corrupt in both texts, to that the true reading cannot be determined with certainty. The heroes enumerated are divided into three classes. The first class consists of three, viz., Jashobeam, Eleazar, and Shammah, of whom certain brave deeds are related, by which they reached the first rank among David's heroes (2Sa_23:8-12). They were followed by Abishai and Benaiah, who were in the second class, and who had also distinguished themselves above the rest by their brave deeds, though they did not come up to the first three (2Sa_23:18-23). The others all belonged to the third class, which consisted of thirty-two men, of whom no particular heroic deeds are mentioned (vv. 24-39). Twelve of these, viz., the five belonging to the first two classes and seven of the third, were appointed by David commanders of the twelve detachments into which he divided the army, each detachment to serve for one month in the year (1 Chron 27). These heroes, among whom we do not find Joab the commander-in-chief of the whole of the forces, were the king's aides-de-camp, and are called in this respect הַשָּׁלִשִׁי (2Sa_23:8), though the term הַשְּׁלשִׁים (the thirty, 2Sa_23:13, 2Sa_23:23, 2Sa_23:24) was also a very customary one, as their number amounted to thirty in a round sum. It is possible that at first they may have numbered exactly thirty; for, from the very nature of the case, we may be sure than in the many wars in which David was engaged, other heroes must have arisen at different times, who would be received into the corps already formed. This will explain the addition of sixteen names in the Chronicles, whether the chronicler made us of a different list from that employed by the author of the books before us, and one belonging to a later age, or whether the author of our books merely restricted himself to a description of the corps in its earlier condition.  --Commentary on the Old Testament (10 vol.) by C.F. Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Tuesday, March 6, 2012

Galatians 6.1 - Overtaken or Discovered?


‎NKJV
‎ESV
‎NLT
‎NET
‎‎Ga 6:1 Brethren, if a man is overtaken in any trespass, you who are spiritual restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness, considering yourself lest you also be tempted.
‎‎Ga 6:1 Brothers, if anyone is caught in any transgression, you who are spiritual should restore him in a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest you too be tempted.
‎‎Ga 6:1 Dear brothers and sisters, if another believer is overcome by some sin, you who are godly should gently and humbly help that person back onto the right path. And be careful not to fall into the same temptation yourself.
‎‎Ga 6:1 Brothers and sisters, if a person is discovered in some sin, you who are spiritual restore such a person in a spirit of gentleness. Pay close attention to yourselves, so that you are not tempted too.










T.D.N.T.
  † προλαμβάνω.
The basic meanings correspond to the nuances imparted by the preposition, “to take before,” “to anticipate.” In the NT the use is along the second of these two lines.
1. “To anticipate,” 1 C. 11:21; also Mk. 14:8: Jesus interprets the anointing, which the woman intended as an act of grateful reverence, as an intimation of His imminent death. Since He sees ahead His death as a malefactor, and realises that His disciples will abandon Him, it is not to be expected that any should anoint Him as an act of piety. The saying could hardly have been invented, and this is an argument in favour of the authenticity of sayings which express His expectation of death (→ II, 24, 949).
2. “To surprise,” Gl. 6:1: The point of the προλημφθῇ is that Paul has in view a fault into which the brother is betrayed “unawares,” so that it is not intentionally wrong. In this case brotherly help is demanded rather than unloving judgment (→ I, 176). There must be readiness to share the burden of offences before God (vv. 1–5 are closely interrelated, so that in v. 4 Paul emphasises that the readiness to find an excuse, indicated by προλημφθῇ, is to extend only to the fault of the brother, not to one’s own).
. Vol. 4: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. 1964- (G. Kittel, G. W. Bromiley & G. Friedrich, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (14–15). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.

Wuest
That brings us to a consideration of the word translated “overtaken.” The context which we have presented will help us in determining the meaning of the word as it is used here. The word is prolambanō (προλαμβανω). It has the following meanings: “to anticipate, to forecast, to overtake, to come upon, to take unawares.” Two of our Greek authorities, Lightfoot and Alford, think that the reference here is to the act of a Christian detecting a fellow-Christian in the commission of a sin, thus catching him unawares in it, and establishing by that means the fact of the sin. Four, Burton, Vincent, Expositors, and Meyer think that it refers to the Christian himself being overtaken by the sin before he is aware that he has done wrong. Robertson merely defines the word without interpreting it. The context rules in favor of the opinion of the four. Vincent says, “surprised by the fault itself.” Expositors says, “His surprise in the very act.”Wuest, K. S. (1997). Wuest's Word Studies from the Greek New Testament : For the English Reader (Ga 6:1). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

Vincent
1. Overtaken in a fault (προλημφθῇ — ἔν τινι παραπτώματι). The verb means lit. to take before; to anticipate or forestall. Elsewhere only Mk. 14:8; 1 Cor. 11:21. LXX, Wisd. 18:17. Not, be detected in the act by some one else before he can escape, but surprised by the fault itself; hurried into error. Thus πρὸ has the sense of before he is aware, and ἐν is instrumental, by.* For fault or trespass, see on Matt. 6:14.
Vincent, M. R. (2002). Word Studies in the New Testament (Ga 6:1). Bellingham, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

A.T. Robertson
If a man be overtaken (ἐαν και προλημφθῃ ἀνθρωπος [ean kai prolēmphthēi anthrōpos]). Condition of third class, first aorist passive subjunctive of προλαμβανω [prolambanō], old verb to take beforehand, to surprise, to detect. Trespass (παραπτωματι [paraptōmati]). Literally, a falling aside, a slip or lapse in the papyri rather than a wilful sin.
Robertson, A. (1997). Word Pictures in the New Testament (Ga 6:1). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems.

Wiersbe

The legalist is not interested in bearing burdens. Instead, he adds to the burdens of others (Acts 15:10). This was one of the sins of the Pharisees in Jesus’ day: “For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men’s shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers” (Matt. 23:4). The legalist is always harder on other people than he is on himself, but the Spirit-led Christian demands more of himself than he does of others that he might be able to help others.
Paul presents a hypothetical case of a believer who is suddenly tripped up and falls into sin. The word overtaken carries the idea of being surprised, so it is not a case of deliberate disobedience. Why does Paul use this illustration? Because nothing reveals the wickedness of legalism better than the way the legalists treat those who have sinned. Call to mind the Pharisees who dragged a woman taken in adultery before Jesus (John 8).
Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible Exposition Commentary (Ga 6:1). Wheaton, Ill.: Victor Books.

Hughes & Laney
The conflicts over law had led to “conceit” and “jealousy” (5:26). The law did not inspire gentleness and the bearing of each other’s burdens (6:1–2). Paul had to instruct them how to restore the power of the Spirit in their lives. The legalistic perspectives of the false teachers had no room for gentleness or restoration (4:17). They compared themselves to others (6:4; cf. 6:13) and were hindered by pride (6:3). This is the outcome of legalism—false pride and lack of compassion.
Paul dealt with the subject of church discipline (cf. Matt. 18:15–18). When a believer falls into sin, those who are spiritually mature should deal with the matter in a spirit of gentleness. The words “overcome by some sin” (6:1) could mean (1) overtaken and surprised by the transgression, (2) surprised in the transgression, that is, caught “redhanded”, or (3) simply caught up in sin, with no reference to being seen or caught by others. While every Christian should bear his own part of the common load (6:5), believers should assist those excessively burdened.
Hughes, R. B., & Laney, J. C. (2001). Tyndale Concise Bible Commentary. The Tyndale reference library (585). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers.

2 Samuel 19

 2 Samuel
19.15  Then the king returned...  A bad time to me on the loosing side.
19.18  Shimei ... I have sinned...  Masterful. David showed a lot of class on this one.
19.24  Now Mephibosheth...
19.31  Barzillai the Gileadite...  Friends like this are better than money. 
19.38  Chimham...  I'm not sure what the relationship was with Barzilla, but the gratitude of King David was a pretty significant gift.

Monday, March 5, 2012

1 Corinthians 2

2.4 my preaching ... not with persuasive words of human wisdom...  I assume this was not because he was unable to be persuasive, but by choice or the nature of the message.
2.3-5   Compare with Zech. 4.6 ..."This is the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel: 'Not by might nor by power, but by My Spirit,' Says the Lord of hosts.
2.8  for had they known...  This is an absolutely facinating idea for me to think and wonder about.  We tend to think of Satan as almost omniscient, but this indicates a strategic error on his part.
2.9  Compare with Isa 64.4  For since the beginning of the world Men have not heard nor perceived by the ear, Nor has the eye seen any God besides You, Who acts for the one who waits for Him.
2.14  spiritually discerned ...
2.16  Compare with Isa. 40
12 Who has measured the waters in the hollow of His hand, Measured heaven with a span And calculated the dust of the earth in a measure? Weighed the mountains in scales And the hills in a balance? 13 Who has directed the Spirit of the Lord, Or as His counselor has taught Him? 14 With whom did He take counsel, and who instructed Him, And taught Him in the path of justice? Who taught Him knowledge, And showed Him the way of understanding? 


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Saturday, March 3, 2012

2 Samuel 17-18

2 Samuel 
17.23  Then he put his house in order...  A sad end to a very shrewd and wise man.
18.2  Joab, Abishai, and Ittai the Gittite
18.12  This man is one who did get the memo about killing kings, etc.

Friday, March 2, 2012

2 Samuel 10-16

2 Samuel
10.6  had made themselves repulsive... The text makes this sound like the result might have been a surprise for them, but what did they expect.
10.12  In addition to Joab's othter talents it appears that he had a flair for the dramatic.
11.11 Uriah was an officer's officer.
11.27  the thing that David had done displeased the LORD
12.6  no pity... implies that that we should not only avoid theft, but also be full of pity toward an unfortunate neighbor.
13.12-13  four reasons given by Tamar that Ammon shouldn't do this evil.
     1. It is not done in Israel.  We should have a sense of honor in our conduct as God's people.
     2. It was foolish (or disgraceful) in the sense of Nabal, Abigail's first husband.
     3.  Her shame.  (We are loosing our shame in this country at an alarming rate.)
     4.  His reputation would be sullied.  And when our personal pleasure becomes more important than our reputation, we are in a bad place.
15.37  David's friend...  and a friend in need.
16.12  It may e that the LORD will look on my affliction.  Instead of why o why is God doing this to me. Make it stop!



     .






Thursday, March 1, 2012

Setting of a parable

 One of the important things for interpreting a parable is understanding the cultural setting of the story.  A few resources specifically address these issues. 

1.
One is the Manners & customs of the Bible.  It gives the cultural background of items mentioned in passages throughout the Scriptures.
Matthew 18:34 Tormentors
    “In anger his master turned him over to the jailers (tormentors, KJV) to be tortured, until he should pay back all he owed.”
The “tormentors” are the jailers, who were allowed to scourge and torture the poor debtors in their care in order to get money from them for the creditors, or else to excite the compassion of friends and thereby obtain the amount of the debt from them. Trench states in Notes on the Parables: “In early times of Rome there were certain legal tortures, in the shape, at least, of a chain weighing fifteen pounds, and a pittance of food barely sufficient to sustain life, which the creditor was allow to apply to the debtor for the purpose of bringing him to terms; and no doubt they often did not stop there.”
Freeman, J. M., & Chadwick, H. J. (1998). Manners & customs of the Bible (Rev. ed.].) (444–445). North Brunswick, NJ: Bridge-Logos Publishers.
 2. Another great resource is The Intervarsity Press Bible Backround Commentary.  It has many helpful notes about customs and cultures that are helpful.
Matthew
18:21–22.  Seventy times seven (some interpreters read seventy-seven) does not really mean exactly 490 here; it is a typically graphic Jewish way of saying “Never hold grudges.” Because true repentance should involve turning from sin, some later rabbis limited opportunities for forgiveness for a given sin to three times; Peter might have thought his offer of seven times was generous.
18:23.  On “the kingdom may be compared” see comment on 13:24. The story here is about a Gentile king, perhaps one of the Greek rulers of Egypt before the Romans conquered it. “Servants” here could mean his upper-level slaves—who were better off than nearly all the free people of Egypt, most of whom were peasants. In this case, however, “servants” probably refers to free provincial satraps, who functioned as the ruler’s tax farmers in various regions; they too were vassals of the king. The ruler would allow them to collect taxes for him at a profit, but he demanded efficiency; this was the time of year when he was going to settle their accounts with him.
18:24.  Many peasant agricultural workers struggled to pay taxes, but this difficulty did not mitigate the tax collectors’ responsibility to submit the requisite amount to the king. Some of the disciples and perhaps Jesus himself could have smiled as the master storyteller told how far the king had let one of his servants get in debt: ten thousand talents probably represented more than the entire annual income of the king, and perhaps more than all the actual coinage in circulation in Egypt at the time! In one period, the silver talent represented six thousand drachmas, or six thousand days’ wages for an average Palestinian worker; ten thousand talents would thus be roughly sixty million days’ wages (in another period, 100 million). Although taxes were exorbitant in those days, especially for rural peasants, Josephus reports the annual tribute from Galilee and Perea under wealthy Herod to be only two hundred talents; it was thus inconceivable that one official could get so far in debt.
Ancient Judaism often viewed sins as debts before God (see comment on 6:12).
18:25.  Ptolemaic rulers (kings who ruled Egypt in the Greek period) never accepted excuses. Enslaving family members for the man’s debt was a Gentile practice that the Jewish people in this period found abhorrent. The math does not work here; the price of an average slave was between five hundred and two thousand days’ wages, hence the king cannot recoup even one-thousandth of his losses on this sale. But a king with better math skills would not have let the man get so far in debt to begin with!
18:26.  “I will repay” was a standard promise in ancient business documents. But in the light of 18:24, this promise is patently impossible.
18:27.  Given the ruthlessness of ancient Near Eastern kings and the greatness of the debt, that this ruler would forgive his servant is almost as impossible in the real world as the size of the debt. Sometimes rulers had to forgive Egyptian peasants’ past tax debts when failed crops rendered them simply unable to pay, but the sums involved were comparatively small.
18:28.  One hundred denarii represented one hundred days of a common worker’s wages, which would be a small sum for his fellow tax farmer, after he had finished his accounting with the king (18:23). It was also a ridiculously minuscule sum compared to what the first servant had owed the king. But apparently the forgiven slave, instead of internalizing the principle of grace, had decided to become ruthlessly efficient in his exacting of debts henceforth. Such extreme actions as choking are reported of angry creditors elsewhere in antiquity as well.
18:29–30.  Someone in prison could not pay back what he owed (v. 34), unless friends came to his aid with the requisite funds.
18:31–33.  The king is naturally angry; the forgiven servant has put another of his servants out of active commission, hence costing the king more lost revenues. The king had gained more advantage by convincing his people of his benevolence than he would have gained profit from the sale of the first servant; but once it was rumored that this first servant, his agent, was acting mercilessly, it reflected badly upon his own benevolence.
18:34.  Jewish law did not permit torture, but Jewish people knew that Gentile kings (as well as Herod) practiced it. Because this servant had fallen from political favor, he would have no allies who would dare come to his aid; and even if he had, given the sum he owed, his situation would have remained hopeless. He would never be released.
18:35.  The great contrasts of the parable are humorous and effective in relaxing the ancient listener’s guard, but the horrifying details of debt slavery, torture and so forth bring home the point forcefully. This story would have grabbed the ancient hearer.
Keener, C. S., & InterVarsity Press. (1993). The IVP Bible background commentary : New Testament (Mt 18:21–35). Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press.

Wednesday, February 29, 2012

2 Samuel 7-8

2 Samuel
7.3  I find it a little curious that Nathan would tell David that "the LORD is with you when he hadn't checked to see He was.  Sloppy preaching for sure.
7.15  as I took it from Saul...  Saul didn't ust mess up and loose control, God intervened in and with those events.
7.26  let your servant be established before you...  Things being done before the Lord is a common theme in the OT.  I don't just want, etc. power but want to live in His light.
7.28 You are God and your words are true...  Since He is God, it follows that His word would be true.
8.16-18  David's cabinet
Joab, secretary of defence
Ahulid, recording secretary
Zadok and Ahimelech, priests
Benaiah, Secret Service
The Cherethites and the Pelethites were David's bodyguards (1 Sam. 30:14; 2 Sam. 8:18; 20:7, 23; 23:23).   --Web Bible Encyclopedia  



Monday, February 20, 2012

2 Samuel 4-6

2 Samuel
4.8  Here is the head...  Apparently they didn't get the memo.
5.11 Then Hiram king of Tyre...  Everybody loves you when you're on top.
5.14-16  eleven sons born in Jerusalem
6.11  And the LORD blessed Obed-Edom and all his household...  This was probably the reason David wanted the ark with him.
6.20   Sounds like some marriage counseling would have been order.
7.2  This is a good illustration of the importance of not taking things for granite.

Seeds & Trees - Luke 17.6

Mustard Seed: a plant of the genus sinapis, a pod-bearing, shrub-like plant, growing wild, and also cultivated in gardens
The little round seeds were an emblem of any small insignificant object. It is not mentioned in the Old Testament; and in each of the three instances of its occurrence in the New Testament (Matt. 13:31-32; Mark 4:31-32; Luke 13:18-19) it is spoken of only with reference to the smallness of its seed. The common mustard of Palestine is the Sinapis nigra (= Brassica nigra). This garden herb sometimes grows to a considerable height, so as to be spoken of as “a tree” as compared with garden herbs.
WebBible Encyclopedia… a free service of Eden Communications (provider of ChristianAnswers.Net) / Copyright © 2000-2012, Eden Communications. All rights reserved.
http://christiananswers.net/dictionary/mustard.html?zoom_highlight=mustard+seed 

συκάμινος, ου f (feminine)—‘mulberry tree,’ a deciduous fruit tree growing to the height of some six meters (about twenty feet) and bearing black berries containing a sweet reddish juice. ἐλέγετε ἂν τῇ συκαμίνῳ ταύτῃ ‘if you should say to this mulberry tree’ Lk 17:6.
For languages which have no specific term for ‘mulberry tree,’ one can often employ a generic expression followed by a type of classifier, for example, ‘the tree called mulberry’ (in which case the term ‘mulberry’ may be borrowed from a dominant language of the area) or ‘a tree producing berries’; but in Lk 17:6 the focus is upon the tree as a large object and not upon the type of fruit which it produced. One can, therefore, say simply ‘this tree.’ 1
1Louw, J. P., & Nida, E. A. (1996). Vol. 1: Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament: Based on semantic domains (electronic ed. of the 2nd edition.) (28). New York: United Bible Societies.

Sycamine tree mentioned only in Luke 17:6

It is rendered by Luther "mulberry tree" (q.v.), which is most probably the correct rendering. It is found of two species, the black mulberry (Morus nigra) and the white mulberry (Mourea), which are common in Palestine. The silk-worm feeds on their leaves. The rearing of them is one of the chief industries of the peasantry of Lebanon and of other parts of the land. It is of the order of the fig-tree. Some contend, however, that this name denotes the sycamore-fig of Luke 19:4.
WebBible Encyclopedia… a free service of Eden Communications (provider of ChristianAnswers.Net) / Copyright © 2000-2012, Eden Communications. All rights reserved.



Luke 6:27-38

Luke 6:27-38

6:27–38
Treat Others Mercifully
6:27.  The Old Testament specifically commanded love of neighbor (Lev 19:18), but no one commanded love of enemies.
6:28.  Although Jesus (23:34) and his followers (Acts 7:60) practiced this rule of blessing and praying for enemies, prayers for vindication by vengeance were common in the Old Testament (2 Chron 24:22; Ps 137:7–9; Jer 15:15; cf. Rev 6:10) and in ancient execration (magical curse) texts.
6:29.  The blow on the right cheek was the most grievous insult in the ancient Near East. The clothing in the verse refers to the outer and inner cloak, respectively; the poorest of people (like the average peasant in Egypt) might have only one of each; thus here Jesus refers, perhaps in hyperbolic images, to absolute nonresistance on one’s own behalf.
6:30.  Here Jesus may allude to beggars, quite common in the ancient East, and poorer people seeking loans. In Jewish Palestine beggars were usually only those in genuine need, and most were unable to work; farmers generally sought loans to plant crops. Jewish society emphasized both charity and responsibility.
6:31.  In its negative form (“Do not do to others what you do not want them to do to you”), this was a common ethical saying in the ancient world.
6:32–33.  Ideas like loving enemies and lending without hoping to receive again were unheard of, although many Pharisees advocated peace with the Roman state (at least, tolerating enemies in some sense).
6:34–35.  In the Roman world, interest rates sometimes ran as high as 48 percent, but the Old Testament forbade usury, or charging interest. Because many Jewish creditors feared that they would lose their investment if they lent too near the seventh year (when the law required cancellation of all debts), they stopped lending then, hurting the small farmers who needed to borrow for planting. Jewish teachers thus found a way to circumvent this law so the poor could borrow so long as they repaid. Jesus argues that this practice should not be necessary; those with resources should help those without, whether or not they would lose money by doing so.
Biblical laws about lending to the poor before the year of release (Deut 15:9; every seventh year debts were forgiven; cf. Lev 25) support Jesus’ principle here, but Jesus goes even farther in emphasizing unselfish giving. Although the law limited selfishness, Jesus looks to the heart of the law and advocates sacrifice for one’s neighbor. A good man’s “sons” were expected to exemplify their father’s character; thus God’s children should act like him.
6:36.  That human mercy should reflect God’s mercy became a common Jewish saying (e.g., the Letter of Aristeas 208; rabbis). “Merciful” may reflect the same Aramaic word translated “perfect” in Matthew 5:48.
6:37.  “Judge,” “condemn” and “pardon” are all the language of the day of judgment, prefigured in God’s current reckonings with his people (e.g., on the Day of Atonement).
6:38.  The image here is of a measuring container into which as much grain as possible is packed; it is then shaken to allow the grain to settle, and more is poured in till the container overflows. Pouring it “into the lap” refers to the fold in the garment used as a pocket or pouch. Because Jewish people sometimes used “they” as a way of avoiding God’s name, here “they will pour” (NASB) may mean that God will do it; or the idea may be that God will repay a person through others. The Old Testament often speaks of God judging people according to their ways (e.g., Is 65:7). Proverbs and other texts speak of his blessings toward the generous (e.g., Deut 15:10; Prov 19:17; 22:9; 28:8).

Keener, C. S., & InterVarsity Press. (1993). The IVP Bible background commentary : New Testament (Lk 6:26–38). Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press.

Sunday, February 19, 2012

2 Samuel 2-3

2 Samuel
2.22  How shall I answer your brother Joab?   It is fascinating that they are fighting each other but still seem to have some kind of sort of relationship or chilvary.
1st  Amnon
2nd  Chileab
3rd  Absalom  son of the daughter of the king Geshur
4th  Adonijah
5th  Shephatiah
6th  Ithream
3.7  Why have you gone...  It seems that Ishbosheth overplayed his hand.  It is a good reminder to avoid visions of grandor.
3.26  And when Joab had gone.  I guess that these generals had a mind of their own, were very powerful, and to be trusted only to pursue their own interest.
3.37  and all Israel understood...  David was such a shrewd statesman and politician!